In connection with semantic memory, the term spreading activation refers to
a. the tendency for prototype categories to spread beyond their intended boundaries.
b. the tendency for semantic memory to spread into episodic memory.
c. the proposal that, when a concept is mentioned, the activation expands to related concepts.
d. the spreading that occurs when episodic memory is temporarily linked with semantic memory.
Ans: c
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Because throughout history so many cultures have found ways to induce altered states of consciousness, experts have suggested which of the following?
a) Altering states have a genetic basis. b) There may be a universal human need to produce varieties of conscious experiences. c) That there may be a global moratorium on mood altering drugs. d) Altering states may be innate.
Heuristics very often lead to correct conclusions, but they
(a) sometimes lead us to ignore relevant information (b) too often lead us to pay attention to all 4 cells of the 2 x 2 table (c) too often lead us to pay attention to the observed effect when the cause is not present, which leads to erroneous inferences of the lack of a causal relationship (d) too often lead us to pay attention to the absence of the effect of interest when the cause is present, which leads to erroneous inferences of the absence of a causal relationship
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In a recent study, college men read one of three stories,
the first describing voluntary intercourse, the second depicting stranger rape, and the third describing date rape. This study showed that a. those high in gender role stereotyping were more aroused by the first story, but not by the second or third types of stories. b. only ten percent of the college men in the study would ever consider rape, even if they could be sure of not being caught. c. the arousal patterns of those subjects high in gender role stereotyping was similar to the arousal patterns of actual rapists. d. their degree of gender role stereotyping had little influence on their arousal levels.