Explain the "labor's bill of rights" under the Landrum-Griffith Act of 1959
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The Landrum-Griffith Act of 1959 includes a section, known as "labor's bill of rights" that gives employees protection against their own unions. These are as follows:
101(A)1. Equal Rights: Every union member has an equal right to nominate candidates, to vote in elections, and to attend and fully participate in membership meetings, subject to the organization's reasonable constitution and bylaws.
101(A)2. Freedom of Speech and Assembly: Members have the right to meet freely with one another at any time and to express any views about the labor organization, candidates for office, or business affairs at organization meetings, subject to reasonable rules pertinent to conduct of meetings.
101(A)3 . Dues, Initiation Fees, and Assessments: Increases in local union dues, initiation fees, or assessments must be voted on by a majority of the members through secret ballot.
101(A)4. Protection of Right to Sue: Labor organizations cannot prohibit members from bringing any legal actions, including those against the organization. Organizations may require that members first exhaust reasonable hearing procedures established by the organization.
101(A)5. Safeguards against Improper Discipline: No member may be fined or otherwise disciplined except for nonpayment of dues without being 1. served with written notice of specific charges, 2. given a reasonable time to prepare a defense, and 3 . afforded a full and fair hearing.
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