APPENDIX QUESTION
Explain how a hashing structure works and why it is quicker than using an index. Give an example. If it so much faster, why isn't it used exclusively?
What will be an ideal response?
A hashing structure typically works by taking a key value and using it to divide a prime number. The result is a unique number almost all of the time if enough decimal places are used. The resulting numbers are used to find the unique location of the record. Calculating a record's address is faster than searching for it through an index, therefore the principal advantage of hashing is access speed. It is not used exclusively because it does not use the storage disk efficiently. Some disk locations will never be selected because they do not correspond to legitimate key values. Also, different record keys may sometimes translate to the same address and data collision could occur. A way around this exists using pointers, but the additional pointers slow down the system.
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