What are the two decisions that researchers can make in hypothesis testing?

A. accept or reject the null hypothesis
B. retain or reject the null hypothesis
C. accept or reject the null hypothesis and retain or reject the null hypothesis
D. assume or justify the null hypothesis


Ans: B

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Specific phobia is present in approximately 5 percent of nonclinical children and adolescents, but increases to 15 percent among clinical samples, an indication of the high comorbidity of SP with evidence suggesting that:

a. Girls have higher rates of SP than boys b. Differences across racial/ethnic groups are not significant. c. Boys have higher rates of SP than girls d. A and b e. None of the above

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Which of the following is an effective instructional strategy to help English-Language learners (ELLs) become successful readers?

A) Having ELLs listen to recorded versions of stories B) Giving ELLs books that do not contain illustrations C) Analyzing story events only in English D) Having students translate English stories into their native language

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Stiggins suggests that high-quality assessments include all of the following except:

a. clear target b. focused purpose c. appropriate method d. minimum number of questions

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Social promotion is an educational policy that involves ______.

a. promoting a child to the next grade when the child shows the social skills appropriate for the next grade level b. promoting an entire class, as a class, from one grade to another so the children don't need to make new friends c. promoting a child who has not mastered grade-level academic material to the next grade so they stay in a class with same-age peers d. promoting a class but keeping the same teacher with the class as they move to the next grade level

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