Which of the following statements is NOT a reason why specific deterrence and strict punishment do not work with juveniles?
a.Incarcerating youths cuts them off from prosocial supports in the community, making them more reliant on deviant peers.
b. The stigma of harsh treatment labels adolescents and helps lock them into a criminal career.
c. Experiencing harsh punishment may cause severe psychological problems.
d. Punishment will lead to future compliance of social and legal norms.
d. Punishment will lead to future compliance of social and legal norms.
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What is meant by police discretion? How may police officers abuse their discretionary powers, particularly in their relationships with juveniles on the streets?
What will be an ideal response?
In order to obtain a FISA warrant, the government must _____ that the target of the order may engage in terrorism or other acts threatening to national security.
A) show the probability of a possibility B) show by a preponderance of the evidence C) demonstrate probable cause D) demonstrate reasonable suspicion
Police officers and government agencies cannot be sued for failing to stop private people from inflicting injuries on others. This is known as the:
a. no-special-relationship rule. b. no-affirmative-duty-to-protect rule. c. state-did-not-create-the-danger rule. d. avoid-danger rule.
The Lemon test, regarding separation of church and state, required that any law challenged under the Establishment Clause must meet all of the following criteria, except:
a. have a primary secular purpose. b. have a principle effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion. c. have a principle effect that either advances or inhibits religion. d. not generate excessive entanglement between government and religion.