In general, which type of memory task produces better retrieval?
a. serial recall
b. pair-associates recall c. free recall
d. recall
e. recognition
e
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It would be most accurate to say that the results of deindividuation are ___
a. almost always negative b. almost always positive c. somewhat violent d. somewhat erratic
Why must learning be studied with experimental instead of observational techniques?
a. Causes can only be inferred, not observed directly. b. Causes are very similar across situations. c. Observations only provide evidence of prior experiences. d. Observational studies are only sufficient to document short-term behavior changes.
Which of the following best describes Kohlberg's postconventional level of moral reasoning?
a. Moral reasoning is based on the individual's own independent judgments rather than on what others view as wrong or right. b. What is right is whatever agrees with the rules established by tradition and by authorities. c. Rules should be obeyed to avoid punishment from those in authority. d. Moral reasoning is based on perceptions of the likelihood of external rewards and punishments.
Which of the following substances do U.S. adolescents most often experiment with during high school?
A) cigarettes B) alcohol C) marijuana D) cocaine