Discuss factors that increase and decrease basal metabolic rate
What will be an ideal response?
Age: Lean body mass diminishes with age, slowing the BMR.
Height: In tall, thin people, the BMR is higher.
Growth: In children, adolescents, and pregnant women, the BMR is higher.
Body composition (gender): The more lean tissue, the higher the BMR (which is why males usually have a higher BMR than females). The more fat tissue, the lower the BMR.
Fever: Fever raises the BMR.
Stresses: Stresses (including many diseases and certain drugs) raise the BMR.
Environmental temperature: Both heat and cold raise the BMR.
Fasting/starvation: Fasting/starvation lowers the BMR.
Malnutrition: Malnutrition lowers the BMR.
Hormones (gender): The thyroid hormone thyroxine, for example, can speed up or slow down the BMR. Premenstrual hormones slightly raise the BMR.
Smoking: Nicotine increases energy expenditure.
Caffeine: Caffeine increases energy expenditure.
Sleep: BMR is lowest when sleeping.
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Explain food insecurity and its impact on the residents of the United States. List the interventions that the clinicians can implement to assist patients who have food security issues.
What will be an ideal response?
Iron needs in elderly women decrease due to reduced muscle mass and
A) the cessation of menstruation. B) decreased sun exposure. C) the onset of dementia. D) reduced vision capacity.
Shelly is working with a registered dietitian to review her diet and food choices so that she can lose weight. Shelly is confused about how many nutrients she needs to take each day and may have misunderstood information related to Recommended Dietary Allowances. What would be an accurate recommendation for Shelly?
A) ?Shelly should strive to take in no more than 45 percent of her kcalories from fat. B) ?In addition to a balanced diet, Shelly should take a vitamin supplement to ensure that she reaches the upper limit of vitamin C. C) ?In contrast to the RDA and AI values for nutrients, the energy recommendation for Shelly is generous. D) ?The nutrient intakes for Shelly refer to average daily intakes; she should not try to meet the recommendations for every nutrient every day.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of dietary phytic acid?
a. It is classified as a fiber b. It is found in the husks of grains c. It is synonymous with the term phytate d. It inhibits absorption of several minerals