List all medications that Mrs. Caldwell is receiving. Determine the action of each medication and identify any drug–nutrient interactions that you should monitor for
What will be an ideal response?
Medication Indications/Mechanism Nutritional Concerns
Catapres Antihypertensive -- ?-2 adrenergic agonist N/V, dry mouth, constipation, avoid alcohol
Procardia Calcium channel blocker -- vasodilator Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation; avoid alcohol, licorice, and grapefruit; take with a low-fat meal
Carvedilol Beta blocker -- reduce cardiac output Fluid retention, hyperglycemia; take with food
Lasix Diuretic—prevent fluid retention/can be used to treat hypertension Hypokalemia, increased thirst
Prednisone Immunosuppressant—prevent rejection of transplant Increased appetite, osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, fluid retention, poor wound healing
Gengraf Immunosuppressant; prevent rejection of transplant Nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice, hyperkalemia
CellCept Immunosuppressant; prevent rejection of transplant GI bleeding, N/V, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, peripheral edema, hypophosphatemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia; do not take Ca, Mg, Fe, or Al supplements within 2 hours of taking; take on empty stomach
Fish oil Anti-inflammatory Increased risk of bleeding
Prinivil Antihypertensive (angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitor) Hyperkalemia; herbs may attenuate effects (e.g. cayenne, ginger, ginseng, licorice, etc.)
Sodium bicarbonate Normalize blood pH • High in sodium
• Take Fe supplement separately, 1 hr before or 2 hr after drug
• Increased thirst
• Increased weight (edema)
Renal caps Replace vitamins lost in dialysis • GI irritation
• N/V
• Take after dialysis
Renvela Phosphate binder used in CKD • Low-phosphorus diet
• Nausea
• Dyspepsia
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Flatulence
• Severe decrease in GI motility
• Low serum phosphorus, calcium
Calcitriol Vitamin D • Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, constipation
• Loss of appetite
• Dry mouth, increased thirst
• Metallic taste
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a. Rett syndrome b. cystic fibrosis c. spina bifida d. pediatric AIDS
Which of the following represents information that a manufacturer can choose to put on their food label?
A. The amount of saturated fat B. The common name of the product C. A picture of what the food looks like once prepared
On a sensible weight-control program, meals and snacks should include whole-grain foods and fiber-rich vegetables
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
All of the following are potential benefits of regular physical activity except
a. Improved body composition b. Lower risk of sickle-cell anemia c. Improved bone density d. Lower risk of type 2 diabetes