How does the electron transport chain function in the synthesis of ATP?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

The electron transport chain captures energy in the high-energy bonds of ATP. The electron transport chain consists of a series of proteins that serve as electron “carriers.” These carriers are mounted in sequence on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. As the coenzymes deliver their electrons from the TCA cycle, glycolysis, and fatty acid oxidation to the electron transport chain, each carrier receives the electrons and passes them on to the next carrier. These electron carriers continue passing the electrons down until they reach oxygen. Oxygen accepts the electrons and combines with hydrogen atoms to form water. That oxygen must be available for energy metabolism explains why it is essential to life. As electrons are passed from carrier to carrier, hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane to the outer compartment of the mitochondria. The rush of hydrogen ions back into the inner compartment powers the synthesis of ATP. In this way, energy is captured in the bonds of ATP. The ATP leaves the mitochondria and enters the cytoplasm, where it can be used for energy.