Which one of the following examples illustrates a cognitive apprenticeship in mathematics?

a. Mr. Ferguson gives students numerous word problems involving addition until they can solve such problems easily.
b. Mr. Johnson and a student work together to solve a challenging word problem, with Mr. Johnson modeling effective ways of thinking about the problem.
c. Ms. Lupinsky asks students to do easy word problems as a way of boosting their self-confidence for the more difficult problems that will soon follow.
d. Ms. Pang individualizes the word problems she gives each student, depending on each one's present skill level.


b

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The study by Lehman, Lempert and Nisbett (1988) suggests that college students

a. cannot be taught complex reasoning skills b. pick careers in which they already possess sophisticated reasoning skills c. already have sophisticated reasoning skills prior to beginning their course work d. develop reasoning skills that they are trained in

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The emphasis of amendments to the IDEA Act of 2004 were focused on: (choose multiple answers)

A. the promise of paperwork reduction B. the requirement of an IFSP for children age birth to 3 C. monitoring of student's academic performance D. aligning IDEA requirements with the requirements of ESEA

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Success has the same definition to people from impoverished third-world nations as it does to those from industrialized nations.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

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Which of these is an inherent part of the Zone of Proximal Development?

a. Interaction with adults or more capable children b. Creation of a discrepancy between the learner’s prior knowledge and new experiences c. Promoting independence by assuring the learner does not receive assistance d. Assuring the child is at the level of maturation needed in order to complete the task

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