Why does the nurse teach a patient who is prescribed a thiazide diuretic to change positions slowly?
a. Moving rapidly from a standing position to a sitting position can raise blood pressure and increase the patient's risk for a stroke.
b. Moving rapidly from a standing position to a sitting position can cause excess body fluids to collect in the feet and ankles increasing the patient's risk for ede-ma.
c. Moving rapidly from a sitting position to a standing position can put pressure on the bladder and increase the patient's risk for incontinence.
d. Moving rapidly from a sitting position to a standing position can cause blood pressure to drop and increase the patient's risk for falling.
D
Diuretics reduce the amount of blood in the circulatory system at any one time, lowering blood pressure. When the patient moves from a sitting position to a standing position too rapidly, blood pressure falls very quickly (orthostatic hypotension), causing too little blood to reach the brain and making the patient dizzy. This can cause the patient to faint or fall.
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When administering medications that are normally excreted by the kidneys to an 86-year-old critically ill patient, the nurse should monitor renal function carefully because older clients have
A) decreased capacity to concentrate urine. B) decreased glomerular filtration rate. C) more muscle breakdown than younger patients, masking creatinine levels. D) increased filtration due to hormonal changes.
The nurse is gathering assessment data from a medication history of a 38-year-old man with four children. What assessment information would be most important in providing care for this patient?
A) The medication history of the patient's mother and/or father B) The name of the patient's pharmacy C) Insurance, financial support, and stability for the patient and his family D) The last time the patient was hospitalized
An adolescent reports that she started smoking to lose weight. When planning a smoking cessation program for this client, which measure would provide the greatest motivation for the client?
A) Pointing out serious health-related consequences of smoking B) Clearing up the client's misconception of weight loss related to smoking C) Offering the client referrals to a support group, counselor, or specialist D) Relating the effects of smoking to body image and sex appeal
Which conditions or drugs can cause secondary hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
a. Adrenal gland tumors b. Estrogen in birth control pills c. Adenocarcinoma d. Cortisol e. Kidney infection