. Discuss why punishment is generally NOT an effective consequence for misbehavior.

What will be an ideal response?


Ans: Responses should include:
• Teachers may be tempted to select punishment as their first “line of defense” because it is quick and easy to use. This may lead to an overuse of unnecessary punishment.
• In addition to reducing undesirable behavior, punishment may cause students to strike back, withdraw, or develop escape or avoidance behaviors.
• As teachers are models of adult behavior for students, teachers who rely on punishment are, in effect, demonstrating how adults should react to undesirable behavior.
• The effects of punishment may not be maintained or generalized unless it is applied in multiple settings and administered by multiple individuals.
• Punishment does not teach students new skills. Undesirable behavior may be reduced, but student do not learn acceptable forms of behavior.
Learning Objective: Define and provide examples of the following terms: Premack principle, reinforcement (positive and negative), aversive stimulus, schedules of reinforcement (continuous, intermittent, ratio, fixed, variable) punishment, extinction, time-out, response cost, overcorrection, token economy, contingency contracts, and differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Comparing the Impact of Consequences

Education

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