In caring for the preterm infant, what complication is thought to be a result of high arterial blood oxygen level?
a. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) c. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
b. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) d. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
ANS: B
ROP is thought to occur as a result of high levels of oxygen in the blood. NEC is caused by the interference of blood supply to the intestinal mucosa. Necrotic lesions occur at that site. BPD is caused by the use of positive pressure ventilation against the immature lung tissue. IVH results from rupture of the fragile blood vessels in the ventricles of the brain. It is most often associated with hypoxic injury, increased blood pressure, and fluctuating cerebral blood flow.
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