A 30-year-old client was diagnosed with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency after developing COPD. The client started smoking cigarettes at age 16. What risk prevention information should the nurse provide regarding the client's young children?
1. "If your children inherited this deficiency, they may develop COPD whether or not they smoke."
2. "It is probably too late to worry about exposing your children to passive smoke and increasing their risk."
3. "You should work with your children and their health care providers to discourage them from smoking."
4. "Maybe your children won't smoke when they realize how sick it has made you."
3
Rationale 1: Although this is true, it does not advise the client about risk prevention.
Rationale 2: This may be true, but it does not advise the client about risk prevention.
Rationale 3: Although these children may develop COPD without ever smoking, the addition of smoking as a risk factor is avoidable.
Rationale 4: This statement is not the best plan for risk reduction.
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In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), what occurs after microthrombi block the arterioles and capillaries?
a. Circulation is impeded, causing edema and damage to the peripheral nerves. b. Oxygenation is impeded due to the breakdown of association between the arterioles and capillaries. c. The body's clotting factors respond, causing breakdown of the circulatory system. d. The body's fibrinolytic process responds, causing hemorrhaging.
Which of the following conditions can cause an artificial increase in the PAOP/PCWP?
a. Aortic regurgitation b. Aortic stenosis c. Mitral stenosis d. Mitral regurgitation
The client is a 30-year-old man who has type 1 polycystic kidney disease (PKD-1). He asks whether his children could develop this disease. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "Because there is no identifiable pattern of inheritance with this disease, your children are not at an increased risk for developing polycystic kidney disease." B. "Because the disease is sex-linked (x-linked) recessive, only your sons will be affected." C. "Because this is a recessive disorder, your wife would also have to have the dis-ease for your children to have polycystic kidney disease." D. "Because this is a dominant disorder, each of your children would have a 50% risk of having polycystic kidney disease."
The pediatric nurse describes the effects of cystic fibrosis on the body systems to the parents of a child recently diagnosed with the disease. The nurse states that:
Select all answers that apply. A) cystic fibrosis causes the production of thick mucus that blocks exocrine glands and affects several body systems. B) the increased mucus production in the airways causes obstruction and stasis of fluid, providing a rich habitat for bacterial growth. C) in later childhood, the reproductive system is affected as ovarian ducts and the vas deferens may be occluded leading to infertility. D) the pancreatic ducts are often blocked by mucus, prohibiting the secretions of pancreatic enzymes necessary for the metabolism of food nutrients.