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Mr. M has been diagnosed with chronic kidney disease Stage 5, requiring dialysis. His initial chemistry panel indicates he has low chloride, sodium, and calcium levels as well as high potassium and phosphorus levels. The physician has put him on a fluid restriction, a potassium restriction, and a phosphorus restriction.
Which of the following is contributing to Mr. M's fluid imbalance?
A. kidney disease
B. liver disease
C. aldosterone secretion exceeding production
D. excessive thirst
E. poor diet
Answer: A
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