Quiz Mark 1, Psychology - Developmental Psychology

List and describe the three most important structural changes in the brain during adolescence and how they change.

Among the most important structural changes in the brain during adolescence are those involving the corpus callosum, the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. The corpus callosum, a large bundle of axons that connects the brain's right and left hemispheres, thickens in adolescence, and this thickening improves adolescents' ability to process information. Advances in the development of the prefrontal cortex, the highest level of the frontal lobes, an area involved in reasoning, decision making, and self-control, continue through emerging adult years, approximately 18 to 25 years of age. The amygdala, a part of the brain's limbic system that is the seat of emotions such as anger, matures much earlier than the prefrontal cortex. Adolescents may have difficulty controlling the emotions that come from the amygdala because the prefrontal cortex is not yet fully developed.

2

Babbling reflects infants' developing morphology.

3

Which name is associated with a longitudinal study on the effects of divorce on children?

4

Two-year-old Vanessa attempts to put her doll's jacket on herself. She then attempts to sit in her doll's highchair. Vanessa is displaying ________.

5

Your grandmother fell and broke her hip. She has been in the hospital for a week and a half. She now has pneumonia and her body is failing quickly

6

Gender intensification appears to be driven by

7

____________ is a perspective or ideology that recognizes distinct cultures and strives to treat them with equal respect and status

8

Immunizations are useful in protecting children from diseases, but not from the serious complications that result from childhood illness

9

The development of sexual relationships in teens seems to be affected by power, which rests largely with

10

Your friend, who is 29yearsold, has steadily gained weight since graduating from high school. What would be the best advice you could give her with regard to losing weight?

11

The average North American 5 year old can ______.

12

How does thinking about time change in middle adulthood?

13

________ is an individual's behavioral style and characteristic emotional responses.

14

What are the leading causes of death in adolescence?

The three leading causes of death in adolescence and emerging adulthood are accidents, homicide, and suicide. Almost half of all deaths from 15 to 24 years of age are due to unintentional injuries, approximately three-fourths of them involving motor vehicle accidents. Risky driving habits, such as speeding, tailgating, and driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs may be more important contributors to these accidents than lack of driving experience. In about 50 percent of motor vehicle fatalities involving adolescents, the driver has a blood alcohol level of 0.10 percent-twice the level needed to be designated as "under the influence" in some states. A high rate of intoxication is also found in adolescents who die as pedestrians or while using recreational vehicles. Homicide is another leading cause of death in adolescence and emerging adulthood, especially among African American males, who are three times more likely to be killed by guns than by natural causes. Suicide is the third leading cause of death in adolescence and emerging adulthood.

15

Parents whose infants die before birth tend to have very short-lasting negative effects from the loss

16

Unpopular children tend to make friends who are

17

A correlational study can determine that watching televised violence causes more aggressive behavior in children.

18

Describe activities you would conduct to confirm the existence of memory in an infant and in a child who has clear language capability. Be sure to indicate which type of method each study employs, and describe the subjects' ages, the activities, and the expected results.

19

Eight- and 9-year-olds understand that pride combines two sources of happiness: ________ and ________

20

Female is to estradiol as male is to

21

Eloise has been studying the aging process in her health class. She is dreading getting _______, a common chronic health problem of late adulthood for which there is no cure,

22

Thomas has started working at Kmart on a part-time basis. His manager often commends him on his ability to understand customers' needs and help them make the right buying decision. This is a result of Thomas's

23

Which of the following are factors that affect the grief associated with the death of a child?

24

For parents who own a handheld device, approximately __________% admit to allowing their child to use a handheld video player while they are out running errands together

25

Parents of multiracial children tend to ____ than parents of single-race children

26

Intimate partner violence is a situation in romantic relationships where one partner wants to address an issue and the other partner refuses

27

Connor is hyperactive, impulsive, and has poor self-control. Even though his parents try quite hard to use authoritative parenting strategies with him, over time, they gravitate toward more coercive, authoritative strategies. This trajectory illustrates the ____ model of family influence

28

What substance has been linked to toxemia?

29

Jasmine has been involved with a number of pro-life protests in Washington, D.C. She is discussing her beliefs one day with her friend Andrew who asserts that abortion is moral because it is allowed by federal law

30

Infants who acquire HIV from their mother typically become ill within the first ________ of life

31

Children of__________parents tend to show self-reliance and independence, high self-esteem, high levels of activity and exploratory behavior, and social competence.

32

Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

33

Define theory. Why are theories vital tools? How do theories differ from opinions or beliefs?

A theory is an orderly, integrated set of statements that describes, explains, and predicts behavior. Theories are vital tools for two reasons. First, they provide organizing frameworks for our observations of people, guiding and giving meaning to what we see. Second, theories that are verified by research provide a sound basis for practical action. Once a theory helps us understand development, we are in a much better position to know how to improve the welfare and treatment of children and adults. Theories are influenced by the cultural values and belief systems of their times. But theories differ from mere opinion or belief: A theory's continued existence depends on scientific verification. Every theory must be tested using a fair set of research procedures agreed on by the scientific community, and findings must endure, or be replicated over time.

34

Neighborhood resources __________

35

Each time that cells divide, telomeres become

36

Adoption studies reveal that __________

37

Michael has the disorder that results from the presence of an extra X chromosome and produces underdeveloped genitals, extreme height, and enlarged breasts. He has __________

38

An ethnic adolescent who identifies strongly with the dominant culture

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Quiz Mark 1, Psychology - Developmental Psychology

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