After Natalie testifies in court that she witnessed the defendant committing an armed robbery, a memory expert is called to testify on behalf of the defense. The expert testifies that Natalie's ability to encode the information accurately was probably impaired. Which factor did the expert most likely have in mind when he questioned Natalie's ability to acquire the information accurately?
Stark and others (2010) showed participants slides of a man stealing a woman's wallet and slipping it in his jacket. Then an auditory recording recounted the event, stating that the wallet had been slipped into his pants. The results showed that
Prida has witnessed a violent crime involving a knife. Research suggests that he will be less likely to identify the culprit than in a situation where no knife was present because Prida will
An eyewitness identified Ashtok from a lineup as the man who robbed the bookstore. As an employee of the store, Ashtok was present during the crime but was not the person who committed the crime. The eyewitness's false identification was most likely the result of
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