In virtually all societies (with the possible exception of contemporary Scandinavia), being religious is conventional. At the same time, in almost all societies we know of, including most seemingly modern societies, control over women, particularly their sexuality, is more important than control over men—so the training of women for compliance and conventionality is a central concern of almost all cultures. Furthermore, women in traditional societies are kept at home much more than men. For conventional Christian women, the church is a safe and acceptable place to be in public and with other adults. They do not go to bars, or sports clubs, or places of work. For all women, often denied education or economic opportunity, being pious is one of the few means by which they can be just as good as, or better than, other people. Men can gain respect by earning money, by being good at sports, by doing well in scholarship, or by seducing women. Religion and motherhood are the key bases of self-validation available to most traditional women, including those in the developed world.