Pre Exam Quiz 3- Criminal Justice - Core Introductory

Differential response programs classify calls according to the

Which state incarcerates the greatest number of women?

Youthful offenders and offenders convicted of minor violations are most likely to be sentenced to ____________________.

While our more primitive brain networks are inherited at birth, higher development depends on environmental developments after birth. Which field of study seeks to understand this brain development?

5

Explain the legal excuse of insanity and the justification defense for self-defense. What certain parameters have to be in place for each defense to be successful, and what arguments will not work for each? Do you think the current rules for insanity and self-defense reflect the common social view?

Insanity is when the defendant's state of mind negates criminal responsibility. It does not necessarily mean that everyone who suffers from a form of mental illness can be excused from legal responsibility-people who are depressed or suffer mood disorders can be found legally sane. This plea is usually left to psychiatric testimony to prove the person understood the wrongfulness of their actions or was mentally incapable of forming intent. The commonly used tests include the M'Naghten rule, the irresistible impulse test, the Durham rule, the Insanity Defense Reform Act, and the substantial capacity test.Self-defense is justified when danger of death or great harm is used to negate one's actions. Someone may use force only as is reasonably necessary to prevent personal harm and the danger to him or her must be immediate. In addition, most jurisdictions require that the defendant sought alternative means of avoiding danger before using force. An exception to retreating from danger before using force applies to attacks in a person's own home.Student answers will vary in response to whether these parameters reflect the social view. Talking about George Zimmerman and police killings of African Americans could be a good topic to bring up for self-defense.

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One reason to penalize inchoate crimes is that inchoate crimes:

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The loosely defined culture that pervades prisons and has its own norms, rules, and languages is known as __________

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Juvenile courts are based on _____ law

9

A federal marshal has jurisdiction to make an arrest in which of the following locations?

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The first development of a court system came from a. Egypt

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The criminal behavior of the Teen Burglar can be explained by many theories discussed in this chapter. Briefly explain how three of these theories can be applied.

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The form of attempt that arises where the perpetrator makes a mistake, such as aiming and firing the gun only to realize that it is not loaded, is called:

13

What was the principal finding of the Kansas City Patrol Study?

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A four step crime solving Community Policing process is known as the ________ model.

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In past decades, the confession alone was often enough to secure a conviction, whereas modern courts generally insist upon additional supporting evidence to sustain guilt.

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If days are subtracted from a sentence for good behavior, this is called _____

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Which of the following is one example of a safeguard provided by the adversarial system?

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The CSI effect occurs when jurors are much more likely to convict because of the scientific evidence presented.

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) characterizes a child who is hyperactive and displays aggressiveness, isolationism, and impulsive behavior

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A __________ cannot exist as a separate entity and must attach itself to another program to move through a network.

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Why was the Department of Homeland Security created?

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The crime control model’s emphasis on efficiency resembles that of the ________ model of criminal justice.

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Which of the following offenses is a form of malum prohibitum crime?

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The ______________ is based on the behavior of the defendant, and may or may not be reflected in the official conviction

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According to Van Maanen, during this stage of initiation recruits are more receptive to attitude change than in any other time in their career

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The view of general strain theory is that multiple sources of strain interact with an individual's emotional traits and responses to produce criminality

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Which U.S. President pledged to add an additional 100,000 officers if he was elected?

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Why is prenatal care important in the prevention of delinquent behavior?

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According to the text, youths who have been arrested four or more times and perpetuate a striking majority of serious criminal acts are known as the:

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In serious criminal cases, the jury serves as the __________ of the community

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An officer can legally do many things after a vehicle stop. List six of them

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Which of the following is the highest on the punishment ladder?

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The police structure in the United States is:

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Malice may be established by proving that the defendant intended to inflict serious bodily injury, even though he or she did not consciously desire the death of the victim

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The Old French word "recerchier" means _________________

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Local-level police departments that have geographic jurisdiction limited to a specific city or region are referred to as ______.

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Retributive justice implies that a wrongdoer is punished with the sole purpose of satisfying a victim or victims.

38

Public perceptions of attorneys have shifted from somewhat negative tooverwhelmingly positive

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______ requires that the guilty act and the guilty mind occurred simultaneously to establish a crime.

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According to the "broken windows" concept, the cooperation of citizens with the police can help reduce fear and successfully combat crime.

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Generally speaking, secondary data are least useful when the purpose of research is _____________________

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It is July in Phoenix, Arizona, and Jeff is running errands with his 6-month-old daughter strapped into her carrier in the back seat. Jeff stops at work to grab some files but gets waylaid by coworkers and ends up spending 3 hr at the office. When Jeff returns to the car, he finds his child unresponsive, apparently overcome with the heat. The child is pronounced dead at the hospital. With what crime is Jeff likely to be charged?