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Quiz Preview 1. Biology & Microbiology - Molecular And Microbiology
1
When the DNA of a bacterial phage is integrated into a host bacterial cell, that is called _________.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) lysogenic
b) a prophage
c) attenuated
d) competent
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) a prophage
2
The horizontal gene transfer (HGT) process that occurs when naked plasmids are incorporated into bacterial cells is:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) conjugation
b) transduction
c) transformation
d) restriction
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) transformation
3
The Ames Test uses______ to determine the ability of a compound to cause______.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Bacteria, AIDS
b) Viruses, Cancer
c) Bacteria, Cancer
d) Viral cells, AIDs
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Bacteria, Cancer
4
What is the difference in prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic mRNA?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Prokaryotic mRNA is spliced
b) Prokaryotic mRNA has a 5' cap
c) Eukaryotic mRNA has a 3'poly A tail
d) Eukaryotic mRNA is polycistronic
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Eukaryotic mRNA has a 3'poly A tail
5
What is the chemical composition of the F factor?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Protein
b) DNA
c) DNA and protein
d) carbohydrate
e) carbohydrate and protein
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) DNA
6
Which pathways and cycles do bacteria in the trophosomes use to oxidize sulfide and generate ATP?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) glycolysis
b) the Krebs cycle
c) glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
d) the electron transport chain
e) glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: e) glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain
7
Which of the following contains introns?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) eukaryotic hnRNA
b) eukaryotic mRNA
c) prokaryotic DNA
d) prokaryotic mRNA
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: a) eukaryotic hnRNA
8
Ebola is a_____
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) orthomyxovirus
b) filovirus
c) rhinovirus
d) retrovirus
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) filovirus
9
Organisms that use the Calvin cycle to fix CO2 are:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) chemoautotrophs
b) chemoheterotrophs
c) chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs
d) photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs
10
_________ isolated from _________ is used for the creation of a cDNA expression library.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Telomerase: Vibrio cholera
b) EcoRI endonuclease: E. coli
c) Reverse transcriptase: retrovirus
d) DNA Polymerase: Thermus aquaticus
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Reverse transcriptase: retrovirus
11
________ _______ is involved in breaking hydrogen bonds during DNA replication
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) DNA Polymerase
b) Peptidyl transferase
c) Helicase
d) RNA Polymerase
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Helicase
12
Which of the following is not a component of HIV?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a. RNA
b. Proteins
c. Reverse Transcriptase
d. Ribosomes
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d. Ribosomes
13
Type I Helper T cells are involved in
in
Biology & Microbiology
A. innate immunity
B. humoral immunity
C. cell mediated immunity
D. chemical nonspecific
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: C. cell mediated immunity
14
What molecule would you not expect to find in a retrovirus?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a. Uracil
b. Cytosine
c. Guanine
d. Thymine
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d. Thymine
15
_______________ uses uracil as a substrate.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) DNA Polymerase III
b) Peptidyl transferase
c) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthase
d) RNA Polymerase
molecular-and-microbiology
Ans: d) RNA Polymerase
16
Phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP → Pyruvate + ATP via the enzyme Pyruvate Kinase. This is an example of ATP production by_______.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) photophorylation
b) Oxidation phosphorylation
c) substrate-level phosphorylation
d) Oxidative and substrate-level phosphorylation
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) substrate-level phosphorylation
17
What percent of sexual active men and women acquire HPV at some point in their lives?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) 50%
b) 25%
c) 75%
d) 100%
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) 100%
18
During hypersensitivity type I, which of the following cells secrete antibodies?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Mast cells
b) Eosinophils
c) Plasma cells
d) Basophils
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Plasma cells
19
Which of the following is a physical barrier for the nonspecific defense mechanism?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Fever
b) Hair
c) Inflammation
d) Stomach acid
molecular-and-microbiology
Ans: a) Fever
20
Vascular leakages (i.e., bleeding for every orifice) observed in Ebola patient is a result of:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Pro-cytokines only affecting endothelial cells
b) Pro-inflammatory cytokines and Ebola replication in endothelial cells
c) Immune-suppressive cytokines and Ebola replication in monocytes
d) Immune-suppressive cytokines and Ebola replication in endothelial cells
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) Pro-inflammatory cytokines and Ebola replication in endothelial cells
21
Which pathogen below has been completely eradicated from the human population due to vaccination programs?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Measles
b) Mumps
c) Small Pox
d) Polio
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Small Pox
22
_______ is the first antibody produced, but _____ is the most abundant.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) IgA, IgM
b) IgM, IgG
c) IgG, IgM
d) IgA, IgM
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) IgM, IgG
23
During clonal selection of B-cells, which of the following statements is true?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein translation are required.
b) Protein translation is required only.
c) RNA transcription and protein translation occur independent of DNA replication.
d) Only DNA replication and protein translation are required independent of RNA transcription.
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: a) DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein translation are required.
24
A biomedical researcher isolated some myeloid progenitor from a healthy volunteer. What cells can be developed from these myeloid progenitors?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Macrophage
b) B-cells
c) T-cells
d) Natural Killer
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: a) Macrophage
25
HPV is a:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Single-stranded positive RNA virus
b) Double-stranded DNA virus
c) Double-stranded RNA virus
d) Single-stranded negative RNA virus
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) Double-stranded DNA virus
26
Ebola initially infects _____________ .
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) neutrophils
b) Mast Cells
c) macrophages
d) T-helper cells
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) macrophages
27
Neutrophils require ________to digest phagocytized microbes in______.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Antioxidants; phagolysosomes
b) Reactive oxygen species; phagosomes
c) Free Radicals; phagolysosomes
d) Reactive nitrogen species; lysosomes
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Free Radicals; phagolysosomes
28
The difference between the classic complement systems and alternative complements is:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) How C3 convertase is activated
b) How the membrane attack complex is formed
c) One system promotes inflammation and the other does not
d) One system opsonizes pathogens and the other does not
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: a) How C3 convertase is activated
29
Which one of the following statements is true about MHC II proteins?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) They are on dendritic cells.
b) They are found on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
c) They must be secreted to neutralize antigens.
d) They are found on T cells
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: a) They are on dendritic cells.
30
Cytotoxic T-cells attack:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Host cells infected with bacteria
b) Transplanted tissue cells from another host
c) Cancer cells
d) Two of the above are true
e) All of the above are true
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: e) All of the above are true
31
_________ can protect bacteria from antibiotic treatment.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) The cell wall
b) The cell membrane
c) The outer membrane
d) Biofilm
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) Biofilm
32
Antibody-mediated immunity is also called:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) cellular immunity
b) humoral immunity
c) passive immunity
d) natural immunity
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) humoral immunity
33
Histamine is produced by_______ specifically to promote acute inflammation.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Neutrophils
b) Plasma Cells
c) T-helper Cells
d) Mast Cells
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) Mast Cells
34
Lactobacillus acidophilus ferments _____in the vagina into____, which protects against pathogenic microbes.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) pyruvate, citric acid
b) glycogen, pyruvate
c) Lactic acid, citric acid
d) glycogen, lactic acid
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) glycogen, lactic acid
35
Which of the following produces antibiotics?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) B-cells
b) Orthomxyovirus
c) Plasma cells
d) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
36
This bacterium causes acne:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Streptococcus mutans
b) Propionibacterium acnes
c) Staphylococcus Epidermidis
d) Clostridium perfringens
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) Propionibacterium acnes
37
The enzyme reverse transcriptase is found in which of the following viruses?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Rhinovirus
b) Herpesvirus
c) Filovirus
d) Retrovirus
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) Retrovirus
38
During acquired immunity, which of the following cells secretes antibodies?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) eosinophil
b) mast cells
c) plasma cells
d) B-cells
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) plasma cells
39
The transcription of Ebola requires:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
b) RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
c) PAMPs
d) DNA-dependent-RNA polymerase
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: a) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
40
Cytokines can:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Stimulate inflammation
b) Stimulate antibody production
c) Be secreted by one cell to affect another
d) All of the above are correct
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) All of the above are correct
41
The process that occurs when a phage transfers a piece of DNA from one bacterium to another is called:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) conjugation
b) transduction
c) transformation
d) restriction
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) transduction
42
What type of acquired immunity is obtained when a snake bite victim is given anti-venom?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) natural active
b) natural passive
c) artificial active
d) artificial passive
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) artificial passive
43
Which of the following is a true statement?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) DO focus on the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases
b) Vaccination is considered passive immunity
c) Ebola's VP35, VP40 and VP24 block interferon production
d) Interferon interrupts DNA replication directly
e) Both A and C are true
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) Ebola's VP35, VP40 and VP24 block interferon production
44
Which bacteria is most likely to colonize a satin finished metal surface commonly used for biomedical procedures?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Staphylococcus aureus
b) Staphylococcus epidermidis
c) Streptococcus mutans
d) Staphylococcus saprophyticus
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: b) Staphylococcus epidermidis
45
Most enveloped viruses acquire their envelopes:
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) during the initial contact with the host cell
b) during penetration of the host cell when endocytosis occurs
c) during viral release from the host cell
d) during structural protein synthesis
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: c) during viral release from the host cell
46
Which isolate of Ebola does not cause illness in humans?
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) Zaire
b) Sudan
c) Marburg
d) Reston
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) Reston
47
Photoautotrophs use _______for energy and _______as a carbon source.
in
Biology & Microbiology
a) glucose; CO2
b) light; glucose
c) light; lactic acid
d) light; CO2
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: d) light; CO2
48
Organic brain syndrome is a term used to describe a condition in which a person's abnormal behavior is:
in
Biology & Microbiology
A) irreversible and cannot be linked to a physical abnormality or the influence of illicit substances.
B) caused by premature brain cell deterioration that is progressive and cannot be reversed.
C) directly related to an endocrine disturbance that results in the underproduction of key hormones.
D) caused by a physical illness or the influence of a substance that interferes with normal cerebral function.
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: D) caused by a physical illness or the influence of a substance that interferes with normal cerebral function.
49
Postexposure prophylaxis is available for all of the following diseases, EXCEPT:
in
Biology & Microbiology
A) HIV.
B) hepatitis C.
C) syphilis.
D) gonorrhea.
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: B) hepatitis C.
50
Patients who alternate between mania and depression:
in
Biology & Microbiology
A) are referred to as bipolar.
B) present with a flat affect.
C) have multiple personalities.
D) have a history of schizophrenia.
molecular-and-microbiology
Answer: A) are referred to as bipolar.
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