Biology & Microbiology - General Biology ,Quiz Grade 5

1

How might a plant cell compensate for the excessive membrane fluidity that occurs during prolonged exposures to elevated temperature?

2

The systemic circuit is complete when ____

3

Large ears is a rare trait in a mainland population of mice. A few female mice homozygous for very large ears arrive at an island that already contains mice after sneaking onto a boat. This will lead to a population with a higher incidence of big ears than the mainland population because of ________

4

Which statement about the reductive division of meiosis is false?

5

These are free-living, bottom dwelling flatworms found in marine waters, freshwaters or moist terrestrial areas.

6

________ tissue coordinates body activities that result from initiation and transmission of nerve impulses from one part of the body to another

7

Why does trimming the top of a plant make the plant bushier?

8

Signals can be sent from the ECM to the cell through _____.

9

If a mutation produced helicase that was unable to hydrolyze ATP, DNA replication would be

10

Which of the following characterizes relatively K-selected populations?

11

Gas exchange requires a surface that is both ________

12

Which of the following terms best describes the first primitive eukaryotes?

13

According to the first law of thermodynamics, ____.

14

On which microbes do glycoproteins serve as adhesion factors?

15

Which of the following expresses one of the reasons why managing an international business is different from managing a purely domestic business?

16

In an experiment, DNA from the linear form of the bacteriophage Lambda was cut into fragments using the restriction enzyme Hind III. Restriction enzymes are isolated from bacteria and cut DNA in specific locations

in Biology & Microbiology

Hind III cuts the Lambda DNA between the adenine nucleotides on the complimentary strands in a specific sequence, as indicated in the diagram, producing eight different size fragments. These fragments are then separated with an electrical current based on size after the DNA fragments are placed in a porous gel, a process called gel electrophoresis. cut site ↓ 5' A A G C T T 3' 3' T T C G A A 5' ↑ cut site Select an observation that best describes a correct aspect of the two processes of restriction digest and gel electrophoresis: A) When separated on a gel, the pattern of DNA bands will be characteristic of those cut with Hind III, different restriction enzymes will not produce these same fragments.
B) The sequence AAGCTT is found eight times in the Lambda genome and the restriction enzyme Hind III finds each location.
C) If an electrical current is not used, eight separate DNA bands would be visible, but they would not be separated as much as when an electrical current is used.
D) Only the restriction enzyme Hind III can be used to cut Lambda DNA since restriction enzymes are specific to the type of DNA they can cut.

17

The two body forms of some radiates is an example of alternation of generations.

False

Clarify Question

• What is the key concept addressed by the question?
   o The question is asking you whether the polyp and medusa forms of cnidarians are examples of gametophyte and sporophyte forms of plants.
• What type of thinking is required?
   o The question requires you to apply what you know about the cnidarian forms to what you know about the plant forms.
• What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
   o Radiates: animals of the phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora, so named because they are radially symmetrical
   o Alternation of generations: the life cycle of plants, where a multicellular haploid form (gametophyte) alternates with a multicellular diploid form (spermatophyte)

Gather Content

• What are the two body forms of the Radiata?
   o The question is asking you about the Radiata, but you are expected to realize it is referring specifically to cnidarians. Many cnidarians alternate body forms with a sessile polyp budding off motile medusa. The medusae then reproduce sexually, forming a zygote that becomes a larva that eventually metamorphoses into a new polyp. This is an alternation of body forms, but is it "alternation of generations"?

• So what is alternation of generations?
   o Plants also follow a life cycle in which two forms alternate. One form (the spermatophyte) is multicellular and diploid. Spermatophyte undergo meiosis to form haploid spores, which then grow into multicellular haploid forms called gametophytes. The gametophytes produce haploid gametes by mitosis. Two gametes fuse together to form a zygote that develops into a new sporophyte.

Consider Possibilities

• What do the answer choices say?
   o This is a true/false item, so the options are limited. Both situations contain two different body forms, so what's different about them. Let's focus on the fact that one of the body forms in alternation of generations (the gametophyte) is haploid. Are either the medusa or the polyp haploid?

Choose Answer

• So which statement is true?
   o In the general animal life cycle, only the gametes are haploid. In cnidarians, medusa are diploid forms that make gametes by meiosis (not mitosis like gametophytes). The two body forms of the radiates are not an example of alternation of generations. The statement is false.

Reflect on Process

• Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
   o The question was asking you to compare dimorphism in cnidarians to alteration of generations.
   o To get the correct answer, you needed to a) understand which two forms cnidarians have and b) what alternation of generations is.
   o If you got the correct answer, congratulations. If not, did you identify the polyp and medusa as the forms you were being asked about?
   o Did you correctly recall the key features of alternation of generations?
   o Did you overlook that animals are diploid while gametophytes are haploid?

18

The oldest proposed cell microfossils are from ____ year-old rocks