The build-up of plaque is linked to controllable risk factors such as: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, smoking, physical activity, excess body weight, low HDL blood cholesterol, and high LDL blood cholesterol, as well as uncontrollable risk factors such as: age, gender, family history of heart disease, and Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Limiting saturated fat, cholesterol, and trans fat and increasing fish consumption, as well as consuming antioxidant-rich fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts, are dietary choices associated with a reduction in the risk of heart disease. Drinking a moderate amount of alcohol may help reduce the risk of heart disease in middle-aged and older adults. Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy body weight can also help lower LDL cholesterol concentrations and raise HDL cholesterol concentrations. If you currently smoke, quit, because smoking damages the walls of the arteries.
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