Question

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Answer 1

FALSE

Answer 2

FALSE

Answer 3

d

Answer 4

D

Answer 5

D

Answer 6

TRUE

Answer 7

B

Answer 8

FALSE

Answer 9

Managing a global information systems development project is difficult because of
project size and complexity.
Project integration is difficult because international development projects require the complex
integration of results from distributed workgroups. Also, task dependencies can span teams
working in different countries, increasing the difficulty of task management.
Time management becomes difficult because teams in different cultures and countries work at
different rates. Some cultures have a 35-hour work week, and some have a 60-hour work week.
Some cultures expect 6-week vacations, and some expect 2 weeks. Some cultures thrive on
efficiency of labor, and others thrive on considerate working relationships. Thus, there is no
standard rate of development for an international project.
In terms of cost, different countries and cultures pay vastly different labor rates. Using critical
path analysis, managers may choose to move a task from one team to another. Doing so,
however, may substantially increase costs. Thus, management may choose to accept a delay
rather than move work to an available but more expensive team. The complex trade-offs that
exist between time and cost become even more complex for international projects.
Quality and human resources are also more complicated for international projects. Quality
standards vary among countries. Thus, the integration of programs of varying quality results in
an inconsistent system.
Worker expectations vary among cultures and nations. Compensation, rewards, and worker
conditions vary, and these differences can lead to misunderstandings, poor morale, and project
delays.
Because of these factors, effective team communication is exceedingly important for
international projects, but because of language and culture differences and geographic
separation, such communication is difficult. Effective communication is also more expensive.
Finally, project procurement is complicated by the normal challenges of international commerce.

Answer 10

C

Answer 11

TRUE

Answer 12

Answer: A

Answer 13

FALSE
Explanation: An abstract class is a class that has no direct instances but whose descendants may have direct instances.
CL

Answer 14

C

Answer 15

You should consider the use of:
 
<ul>
<li>Database encryption systems</li>
<li>Intrusion detection systems</li>
<li>Database activity monitors, audit, and database vulnerability scanners</li>
</ul>

Answer 16

C

Answer 17

Answer: A

Answer 18

TRUE

Answer 19

TRUE

Answer 20

A system is an interrelated set of procedures which are used within one business unit to work together for some purpose. Systems have a distinct purpose, such as keeping track of customer orders or paying vendors for supplies.

Answer 21

TRUE

Answer 22

A traditional database is shared among many users. In that case, the application resides on the users' computers and the database management system and database reside on a server computer. A network, in most cases not the Internet, is used to transmit traffic back and forth between the users' computers and the DBMS server computer. Traditional database application programs are written in object-oriented languages such as C++ and VisualBasic (and even in earlier languages like COBOL). They are thick applications that need to be installed on users' computers. In some cases, all of the application logic is contained in a program on users' computers and the server does nothing except run the DBMS and serve up data.

Answer 23

TRUE

Answer 24

Phase

Answer 25

D

Answer 26

They need to understand total cost of ownership: the costs will go beyond the cost of the server, but they will also need to purchase the server software and any application software they will be using. They will also need someone in their IT department to manage and maintain the computers. They will also incur facilities costs for running the computer. They need to have a backup plan should the server fail. The design agency will need to add up all the potential costs and risks. Additionally, they need to prepare for their plan if they need more servers. Will they eventually have to run and maintain their own server farm? What if one of their clients' sites is more popular than anticipated and the server has difficulty handling the load? How quickly can they add servers or processing power? The company should look at colocation, Web hosting services, and ASPs to see if their needs will be better met this way.

Answer 27

TRUE

Answer 28

A

Answer 29

D

Answer 30

C

Answer 31

Information technology and information systems are two closely related terms, but they
are different. Information technology (IT) refers to the products, methods, inventions, and
standards that are used for the purpose of producing information. IT pertains to the hardware,
software, and data components. An information system (IS) is an assembly of hardware,
software, data, procedures, and people that produces information. Information technology drives
the development of new information systems.
Users can buy IT; they can buy or lease hardware, they can license programs and databases, and
they can even obtain predesigned procedures. Ultimately, however, it is the people who execute
those procedures to employ the new IT.
For any new system, users will always have training tasks (and costs), they will always have the
need to overcome employees' resistance to change, and they will always need to manage the
employees as they use the new system. Hence, one can buy IT, but not IS.

Answer 32

C

Answer 33

FALSE
Explanation: Open source software is developed by a community of interested people instead of employees of a company.

Answer 34

Transaction logs, which are built into web server software, record user activity at a website. Log file analysis tools cull information from these files, which can contain tens to hundreds of entries for each user. Transaction log data becomes more useful when it is combined with registration form data and shopping cart data. Registration forms and shopping cart database are two other visitor-generated data trails. Merchants use registration forms to gather personal data such as the name, address, phone number, zip code, e-mail address, and other optional information on the tastes and interests of the consumer. The shopping cart database captures all the item selection, purchase, and payment data. The data from transaction logs, registration forms, and the shopping cart database can also be combined with other information that users submit on product forms, contribute in chat rooms, or submit via e-mail messages to a firm to produce a veritable treasure trove of information for both individual merchant sites and for the industry as a whole.

Although the transaction log represents the foundation of online data collection, it is supplemented using cookies that are placed on a user's hard drive when he or she visits a site. Cookies allow a website to store data on a user's machine that can be retrieved later. Cookies provide marketers with a very quick means to identify each customer and to understand his or her prior behavior at the site. Cookies can be used to determine how many people are visiting a site, how many are repeat visitors, and how often they have visited. They also make shopping cart and quick checkout possible by allowing a site to keep track of a user as he or she adds to the shopping cart. Cookies can be combined with web bugs to create cross-site profiles. Web beacons (sometimes called web bugs) are graphic files that are embedded in e-mails and on websites. When a user opens an HTML format e-mail with an embedded web beacon, a request is sent to the server for the graphic data. Web beacons are used to automatically transmit information about the user and the page being viewed to a monitoring server in order to collect personal browsing behavior and other personal information.

Answer 35

FALSE

Answer 36

b

Answer 37

C

Answer 38

Data mining (also called analytical processing) is a technique that examines stored information and looks for patterns in the data that are not yet known or suspected. In CRM, analysts might apply data mining techniques to the data warehouse and find that customers often buy two specific products at the same time. By offering both products together at a reduced price whenever a customer views either product page, the company could increase sales of both products

Answer 39

C

Answer 40

B

Answer 41

TRUE

Answer 42

C

Answer 43

D

Answer 44

FALSE

Answer 45

B

Answer 46

B

Answer 47

C

Answer 48

A hashing algorithm is a routine which converts a primary key value into a record address. Hashing algorithms are typically mathematical routines which perform computations such as dividing a primary key by a prime number and then using the remainder for a storage location. The hashing algorithm is used in a file organization to determine where to store the record. One limitation of this is that only one key value can be used for an index.

Answer 49

A

Answer 50

Answer: FALSE

Answer 51

B

Answer 52

Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) can contain code, data, or resources that may be shared by other programs. A given process may need specific components from a DLL to run.

Answer 53

TRUE

Answer 54

C

Answer 55

C

Answer 56

Personal computers (PCs) are classic computing devices that are used by individuals. In the past, PCs were the primary computer used in business. Today, they are gradually being supplanted by tablets and other mobile devices.
A server is a computer that is designed to support processing requests from many remote computers and users. A server is essentially a PC on steroids. A server differs from a PC principally because of what it does.
A server farm is a collection of, typically, thousands of servers. Server farms are often placed in large truck trailers that hold 5,000 servers or more. Typically, a trailer has two large cables coming out of it; one is for power and the other is for data communications. The operator of the farm backs a trailer into a pre-prepared slab, plugs in the power and communications cables, and runs thousands of servers.

Answer 57

A